Main Crusher Parts Functions

Jaw Crusher Parts functions" class="ez-toc-section">For jaw crusher and their functions:

Jaw Plate. The members that perform the crushing and protect the pitman and frame from wear are commonly referred to as jaw dies. The jaw dies consist of a fixed and movable jaw plate.
Pitman. The movable portion of the jaw crusher.
Wedges. Devices that secure the jaw dies to the pitman and frame.
Intermediate Plate. Fitting an intermediate (backing) plate behind the fixed jaw die reduces the nip angle of the crusher. The intermediate plate reduces the feed opening and the setting range by approximately the same amount as its thickness.
Cheek Plates. Liners protect the sides of the frame in the crushing chamber.
Toggle Plate. A release mechanism that will break or bend when tramp material is fed into the crusher. Connected to the bottom of the Pitman allowing it to move up and down.
Protection Plate. Protection plates are designed for additional protection of the crusher`s frame and pitman due to erosion that can be caused by rubbing of the backside of the jaw dies. They are recommended when using small settings (always greater than or equal to the minimum recommended setting) and/or when the rock to be crushed is very hard (i.e.very low crushability). Of course, these can be used at any time for added protection. Some crushers come standard with the Protection Plates while others can be purchased as an option.

For Cone crusher and their functions:

Cone crusher mantle. Covers the cone head of the crusher to protect it from wear. It is the inner sacrificial wear liner that sits on the cone head.
Cone crusher Concave. Sits in the upper frame of the crusher to protect it from wear. It is the outer sacrificial wear liner that sits inside the upper frame.
Mantle nut. Used on the top of the mantle to secure the mantle in place on the cone head.
Cone crusher main shaft. The main shaft is of high grade forged steel, annealed for stress relief. It is tapered to gauge for head center fit. The bottom of the shaft is fitted with a polished bronze step bearing.
Head center. The main shaft is fitted with a steelhead center that bored and turned to gauge for shaft and mantle fit.
Bottom shell. The annealed cast steel bottom shell is of the three arms, open discharge type, bored to gauge for the top shell, and eccentric bushing. It is boring and faced for the bottom plate, pinion shaft bearing, and dust collar.
Main drive gears. The gears are straight tooth bevel gears and are designed to AGMA standards using a computerized program which, upon input of the basic information, such as DP, diameters, gear ratio, material properties, tooth type, provides a complete printout of the rated power on the basis of tooth strength and surface durability of the gear. The factor of safety on the gear is in excess of three on a strong basis and in excess of two on a durability basis.

For gyratory crusher and their functions

A gyratory crusher is made of six main assembly parts. Base, mainframe and concave liners, Drive assembly, mantle, spider arm assembly, and oil system.

The Base. The base is the section of the crusher that provides an entry point for the drive assembly and oil system. It also provides support for the working surface of the mainframe and liners.
Drive assembly. The drive assembly of a crusher may be directly driven from the MOTOR or have a system to absorb shock. This will depend upon the size of the equipment. If you remember, earlier in the session I stated that the RPM of a primary crusher was in the 100 to the 200 revolutions per minute range. The RPM of the Electric Motor driving the crusher will be higher than this. Normally to reduce this speed, pulleys or as they are technically called SHEAVES will be used. The sheave on the driveline of the crusher will be much larger than the one on the driveline of the motor. This means that the big sheave will travel much slower than the smaller ones on the motor does. By changing the SIZE RATIO between the crusher sheave and the motor sheave it possible to change the RPM of the crusher.
Spider arm assembly. When you first look at the spider arm assembly it appears to only support the mantle. In reality, it has two other important functions to perform. The first to split the ore load as it enters the crusher, this helps in distributing the ore evenly over the crushing surface. The other function is to provide a protected passage for the lubrication lines that service the spider cap bearing.
Concave segments. The concave liners` main functions are protecting the crusher body and crush the stone or ore raw material. Most of the concave segments are designed to 3 layers and three-stage design.
Gyratory crusher mantle. The mantle which is the movable working surface is pivoted at its top within a spider bearing under the cap of the spider arm assembly while the bottom is gyrated within an eccentric bushing which is powered by the drive assembly. For your better understanding let`s take a closer look at this system so you can see how this particular crushing action is generated.
Oil system. Provides power and lubrication.

For HSI crusher and their functions:

Rotor. This is the main part of the HSI crusher. It holds the blow bars and rotates at a high speed, being driven by a pulley connected directly to the engine.
Blow bars/ Hammer. Wear parts inserted into the rotor which impact the rock to cause breakage. These can be replaced when they are worn down. There are two different options: (1). 4 high blow bars;(2). 2 high and 2 low blow bars. Some older design crushers had a 3 bar rotor.
Aprons. Primary and Secondary aprons are used to reduce rock down to the required product size.
Apron settings. This is the measurement the aprons are set at to achieve the product gradings. There are general rules of what the settings should be.
Apron liners. Liners that are generally fitted to the end of aprons (which are replaceable wear parts) to
ensure the apron settings can be maintained.
Impact plates. Sometimes called frame liners, these are used on the inside of the impactor body to protect it from wear.

For VSI crusher and their functions:

Rotor tips. The rotor tips function that it crushes the stones and ores.
Back-up Tip. The back-up tip is designed to protect the rotor if and when a rotor tip gets broken or worn out. When this happens the Tungsten insert in the rotor tip has split and is now letting feed material run against the Tungsten insert of the back-up tip.
Tip / Cavity Wear Plates. Tip / Cavity Wear plates are designed to protect the outside edges of the rotor against excited particles in the crushing chamber
Upper and Lower Wear Plates. These wear plates are designed to protect the upper and lower faces of the inside of the rotor from the feed material as it passes through the rotor
Distributor plate. The Distributor plate is designed to protect the plate that joins the Rotor, Rotor Boss and
Shaft together from feed material falling into the rotor from the hopper.
Trail plates. The Trail plates are designed to hold in the material build-up inside the rotor behind the rotor tips.
Top and bottom wear plates. The Top and Bottom wear plate is designed to protect the top and bottom outside surfaces of the rotor
Feed tube and feed eye-ring. The Feed tube and Feed eye ring are designed to guide the feed material into the rotor after it has been through the hopper.